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Mahonias

All the mahonias like growing in shade, making it very useful plants in the forest garden.

Oregon grape, Mahonia aquifolium

Oregon grape bush The fruit is edible raw or cooked. The fruit is almost as large as a blackcurrant and is produced in large bunches so it is easy to harvest.

It has an acid flavour, but it is rather nice raw and is especially good when added to a porridge or muesli.

Unfortunately, there is relatively little flesh and a lot of seeds, though some plants have larger and juicier fruits.

The cooked fruit tastes somewhat like blackcurrants. The fruit can also be dried and stored for later use.

Flowers are edible raw. They can also be used to make a lemonade-like drink.

Oregon grape was often used by several native North American Indian tribes to treat loss of appetite and debility.

Its current herbal use is mainly in the treatment of gastritis and general digestive weakness, to stimulate the kidney and gallbladder function and to reduce catarrhal problems.

Berberine, universally present in rhizomes of Mahonia species, has marked antibacterial effects and is used as a bitter tonic. Berberine has also shown antitumour activity.

Mahonia japonica

The fruit is eaten raw or cooked. An acid flavour, but it is rather nice raw especially when added to muesli or porridge. Like with the above species there is relatively little flesh and a lot of seeds.

The ovoid fruit is about 9mm long, it ripens in spring and crops can be quite good if the plant is in a sheltered position.

The fruit is produced in large clusters and so is easy to harvest.

The leaf is febrifuge and is used as a tonic in cases of cancer.

Mahonia x media

As above.